Think of the poster as an illustrated, expanded abstract using a mixture of text, tables, pictures, maps, charts, graphs, and/or other graphic elements to enable the viewer to quickly understand the major points of your research. It is a "snapshot" of your research. It is a format that allows the viewer to understand in a couple of minutes what your research is about.
Posters are widely used in the academic community. Research posters summarize information on research concisely and attractively to generate discussion and awareness of your topic.
The poster typically contains the same components as an academic paper, but in a modified format that is more appropriate for a poster – less text, bullet-point formats, graphs and tables instead of long paragraphs.
At a conference, the presenter might be standing by the poster so that other participants have a chance to learn about and discuss the topic of the poster. At other times, the poster is designed to be a “stand-alone” fixture without the presenter being nearby for interaction.